Space and National Security Practice Test

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• Why are liquid fuels most often used in space lift systems?
• Explorer I was launched on which date?
• Which statement about weather satellites below is most accurate?
• Which organization is the unified combatant command responsible for employing space forces in war?
• NUDET in space mission terminology stands for what?
• What is identified as an advantage of placing conventional weapons in orbit to attack terrestrial targets?
• Which statement best describes India's national security space capabilities?
• Netocracy is discussed as cooperative space efforts. What is said about them?
• Which combination lists the four principal Earth orbits used in national security space operations?
• What is the inclination of the GPS satellite orbital planes?
• Which statement is most accurate?
• Krepon, Hitchens, and Katz argue there are four unavoidable dilemmas regarding spacepower. Which statement best describes one of those dilemmas?
• AN/FSS-7 radars are installed at which sites as part of UEWR?
• During the Cold War, which factor was not a reason for restraint in attacking satellites?
• If adversaries attack all DMSP satellites, how serious would the effects be on military capabilities and civil society?
• The AFRL Maui Optical and Supercomputing (AMOS) site is also known as which system?
• What were the Fishbowl Tests?
• What is the correct characterization of directed-energy weapons from Space Weapons, Earth Wars?
• NAVSTAR GPS satellites are in which orbital class?
• Which national security space missions are typically flown in a Molniya orbit?
• Which events in 1949 shocked U.S. leaders?
• Which Chinese space series began in the 1990s as micro satellites?
• How many orbital planes does the NAVSTAR GPS constellation use?
• Which of the following best describes the concept of “strategy” as used in this course?
• Following the Gulf War, what did Chinese analysts do regarding their doctrine and capabilities?
• Which statement is not a reason for the difficulty in deterring potential space attackers, according to the material?
• Which five subsystems make up a typical spacecraft bus?
• What function(s) does the SFSCN perform for U.S. government-owned satellites?
• What data types are provided by the NAVSTAR GPS constellation?
• What was the purpose of the 1957 International Geophysical Year (IGY) for the United States?
• Which of the following was not one of the changes in space support during the 1990s after the Gulf War?
• What is M. V. Smith's view on space warfare?
• What does Everett Dolman claim the United States should do to ensure global security and the development of human society in the cosmos?
• Which step can take over a year in the satellite deployment process?
• What is true about laser shots versus kinetic weapons in terms of debris?
• Which figure contributed most to the post-World War II U.S. rocket program?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as a terrestrial backup for space support?
• Which set of missions is typically flown in low Earth orbit (LEO)?
• At the start of Eisenhower's first term, what method did the United States rely on to gather intelligence before reconnaissance satellites existed?
• In 1962, Khrushchev threatened a fractional orbital bombardment system (FOBS). Why did this alarm U.S. leaders?
• What does GPALS stand for?
• Which of these attributes best describes the NAVSTAR GPS satellite constellation?
• Which conclusion about orbital laser constellations for BMD is supported in the material?
• According to Everett Dolman, the principles of Astropolitik suggest that, if a state colonizes space and generates wealth and power as a result, which outcome is most accurate?
• Which statement best explains the relationship between orbit inclination and a satellite's earth coverage?
• GPALS was intended as what kind of system?
• During the Clinton administration, which policy change defined peaceful purposes to include intelligence-related activities?
• Which problem did the RAND Corporation contract aim to solve?
• Why do space lift systems usually consist of multiple stages?
• What is the central argument in, Preserving Freedom of Action in Space: Realizing the Potential and Limits of U.S. Space Power, by Krepon and colleagues?
• Which of the following statements best explains the advantages of using satellites operating in LEO for tactical military communications?
• Which administration scaled down Reagan's SDI to GPALS?
• Which statement below best describes how a satellite's field of view differs from its field of regard?
• What national security space missions are typically flown in GEO?
• How did U.S. leaders respond to Sputnik's launch after Vanguard's failures?
• Which statement about the timeline for getting a new satellite in orbit is not a reason it takes long?
• Which feature of space geography does Dolman say we should exploit?
• Sun-synchronous orbits are designed to ensure what about ground track timing?
• Which agency launched the first U.S. satellite in November 1957?
• The 1985 ASAT test was launched from which aircraft?
• What series of orbital maneuvers are encompassed in the Hohmann transfer to GEO?
• According to Defense Intelligence Agency, which counterspace capability is China not currently developing?
• Which statement explains why the 1991 Gulf War has been described as the 'first space war'?
• Which statement best describes why President Clinton canceled development of orbital weapons?
• Why did China not militarize space in the 1970s according to the discussed history?
• The angle between a satellite’s orbital plane and the Earth’s equatorial plane is known as which orbital element?
• Where is a GEODSS site located that is mentioned in the material?
• GPALS was intended to defend against salvos of up to how many missiles?
• Which statement below best describes the advantages and disadvantages of leasing commercial satellite channels to support military communications?
• What is the latest version of China's military doctrine, as discussed?
• What is the purpose of placing U.S. vehicles in Lagrange libration points as described?
• What weakness do all space-based missile defense systems share?
• Which item is not a provision of the 1967 Outer Space Treaty?
• What does Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) stand for?
• Once a satellite is on station in LEO, what is the most efficient way to move it to GEO?
• What is the fundamental premise of geodeterminism as described in the material?
• Why are most satellites launched into prograde orbits?
• FOBS stands for what?
• Who is often described as the father of modern rocketry?
• Withdrawal from the ABM treaty and the consolidation of national missile defense (NMD) and theater missile defense (TMD) into the unified concept of ballistic missile defense (BMD) were among the policies of which presidential administration?
• Which statement below is not a reason for the lack of impetus to develop missiles in the late 1940s and early 1950s?
• Which statement best describes Russia's military space doctrine?
• Which statement best captures the rationale for pursuing hedging in space security?
• Which statement is not a reason for the lack of development of space power theory?
• According to Dolman, what is a likely consequence of space wealth and power on a colonizing state, per Astropolitik?
• Molniya orbit provides good coverage of which region for communications?
• What demand do the effects of orbital perturbation put on the space surveillance mission?
• What was the biggest significance of the U.S. victory in the moon race?
• During the Corona program, when was the first film canister successfully recovered?
• What is the main takeaway about space defenses in terms of visibility and vulnerability?
• What is a satellite ground trace?
• In Krepon's view, which approach should the United States take to preserve freedom of action in space?
• Which statement about storage and readiness of satellites is correct?
• Which organization produced the 1946 RAND report titled Preliminary Design of an Experimental World-Circling Spaceship?
• What is the most accurate statement about the impact of losing communications satellites on U.S. military operations?
• Which statement below best describes the space segment of the NAVSTAR Global Positioning System (GPS)?
• Which Chinese space series began in the 1990s as reconnaissance and surveillance satellites?
• What does 'direct-ascent ASAT' refer to?
• Which statement about the Upgraded Early Warning Radar (UEWR) network is true?
• In 2019, the reorganization of U.S. space forces created two main organizations. Which statement best captures their roles?
• Which statement best summarizes two policy developments in President Bush's missile defense approach?
• Why has no nation complained in response to subsequent China ASAT tests, despite the debris from the initial test?
• At what point in an elliptical orbit is the satellite moving fastest?
• Which statement describes one of the principal advantages of conducting military operations in space?
• In Space Weapons, Earth Wars, what is the most accurate summary of what Preston and colleagues conclude about orbital lasers for BMD across altitudes?
• In the first decade after WWII, why were the Soviet Union and the United States motivated differently to develop missiles?
• In which ground security orbit regime are Navigation and NUDET detection typically flown?
• One reason that attacks on military space capabilities will escalate from reversible to non-reversible effects is that:
• Why was the 1985 ASAT test not continued?
• Which policy statement characterized space as a warfighting domain?
• Which of the following statements describes a 1990s step China took to develop military space capabilities?
• In Space Weapons, Earth Wars, Preston and colleagues describe directed-energy weapons as:
• What are the two main structural components of a satellite?
• What were Programs 505 and 437?
• Which countries or consortiums have the most prominent space lift capabilities?
• Why are imagery and weather satellites frequently placed in sun-synchronous orbits?
• Which was not a reason the Carter administration's effort to get an ASAT treaty with the Soviet Union failed?
• Which statement about geosynchronous orbits is accurate?
• Which ground-based space system has missile warning as its primary mission?
• Why was establishing a precedent for 'freedom of space' important?
• When evaluating laser performance against missiles, which trio of factors is cited as determining beam coupling?
• In the absentee ratio analysis, what is the effect of moving to higher orbits with the same number of satellites?
• What did RAND's 1946 report identify as a benefit of satellite technology?
• Assuming it can be done, why would using an orbital laser constellation be an attractive approach for doing ballistic missile defense (BMD)?
• How do we put a satellite in a sun-synchronous orbit?
• Which statement best captures the offense-defense balance in space as discussed?
• What did Chinese military analysts do after observing the U.S. military's performance in the First Gulf War?
• Which statement is NOT a reason for the resilience of GPS against attacks in space?
• In what year did China begin launching the first generation Beidou navigation satellites?
• What is the correct understanding of 'counterspace weapons'?
• What does ASAT stand for in space security?
• Ocean surveillance satellites are typically placed in which type of orbit?
• Why did President Eisenhower want the United States to put a satellite in orbit?
• Which statement reflects Dolman’s central critique of the Outer Space Treaty with regards to resource sharing?
• What did UN Resolution 1884 (XVIII) prohibit?
• Which statement is not recommended for a space code of conduct proposed by Krepon, Hitchens, and Katz?
• What advantages can we obtain by putting a satellite in a Molniya orbit?
• What was one outcome of launching a scientific satellite during the IGY?
• Which statement best describes the organizational approach to space research after World War II in the United States?
• What does RAND's study on America’s Dependence on Space conclude about dependence?
• Which statement describes one disadvantage of orbital kinetic weapons for attacking terrestrial targets?
• The legal concept of freedom of space for satellite overflight was inspired by which historical precedent?
• The Vergeltung (V-1), commonly called the 'buzz bomb', was the world's first
• Which option reflects a proposed approach to Outer Space Treaty governance?
• In the early space age, which national security space mission was regarded as the most important?
• Why did President Eisenhower not publicly explain the perceived 'missile gap' to the American people?
• What did Kennedy perceive as the greatest challenge posed by the Soviet space achievements?
• Why did the Reagan administration take a more aggressive stance regarding military space programs than had previous administrations?
• What best describes the satellite bus?
• Which statement about space power is the most accurate?
• The Space Surveillance Fence is located at which site?
• If a missile defense system can intercept three missiles at various times in a day, which salvo size should be expected given attackers might fire at the system's weakest moment?
• Which of the following is NOT an approach to deny potential adversaries the benefits of attacking satellites?
• In 1958, the UN Ad Hoc Committee opined that freedom of space overflight is allowed under which condition?
• In space security literature, hedging means what?
• What is a major risk associated with debris from ASAT tests?
• On what date did the Soviets launch Sputnik, beating the United States to space?
• Under GPALS, where were ground-based interceptors planned?
• What two events occurred in 1963 significant for international space law?
• Under the 1967 Outer Space Treaty, which statement is true?
• Which three factors determine how well a laser beam couples with a target in Space Weapons, Earth Wars?
• Which action is included in Krepon, Hitchens, and Katz's hedging strategy for space security?
• Which statement correctly describes the relationship between geosynchronous and geostationary orbits?
• Which statement does not describe an action taken to provide space support to U.S. military operations in the First Gulf War?
• What assessment do M.V. Smith and Forrest E. Morgan share about deterring attacks on U.S. space systems?
• Who is credited with significantly advancing the post-World War II U.S. rocket program?
• Which action by the United States led to the creation of ballistic missile defense (BMD)?
• According to Dolman, what warning should policymakers heed regarding a recurring historical pattern in space exploration?
• Why was U.S. space program development divided between ARPA and NASA?
• What does the requirement for “dual phenomenology” refer to in missile warning operations?
• Which comprise the Upgraded Early Warning Radar (UEWR) systems?
• What does RAND consider as the most realistic objective for deterring potential adversaries from attacking U.S. space capability?
• Which 1963 treaty prohibited nuclear explosions in the atmosphere, outer space, and underwater?
• During a Hohmann transfer to GEO, the transfer orbit’s apogee distance is approximately how many kilometers?
• When thinking about space power, why is an understanding of theory important?
• What does the term 'freedom of space' primarily imply in early space diplomacy?